本书共分12个章节，主要研究如何测定和记录地面点的位置、高程，以及如何确定地球的形状大小。具体内容包括传统测量学原理和当代测量学原理；运用传统仪器进行测量工作的技术和手段；地理信息系统、全球定位系统、摄影测量等的基本原理。该书可供各大专院校作为教材使用，也可供从事相关工作的人员作为参考用书使用。

本书主要研究如何测定和记录地面点的位置、高程，以及如何确定地球的形状大小。全书分为两部分：传统测量学原理和当代测量学原理。第一部分论述运用传统仪器进行测量工作的技术和手段；第二部分论述地理信息系统、全球定位系统、摄影测量等的基本原理。

形式上，本书全文以英文撰写；内容上，尽量吸收国外同行先进的理念和方法，力求思想的“国际性”，但在具体方法的应用上又以我国的标准、规范为依据，以便国内读者的使用。

本书可供测绘、地理、遥感、土木工程、地质等专业的高年级本科学生使用，亦可作为相关专业研究生的教学参考用书，或供相关领域的科技工作者参阅。

Preface

Part 1 Conventional Surveying

Chapter 1 Introductory

1.1 Basic concepts of surveying

1.2 Basic principles in surveying

1.3 Survey references

1.4 Methods used in point locations

1.5 History of surveying

1.6 Exercises

Chapter 2 Leveling

2.1 Definition and principles of leveling

2.2 Elements of the surveyors' level

2.3 Types of instruments used in leveling

2.4 Methods of leveling

2.5 Accuracy in leveling

2.6 Mistakes in levleing

2.7 Suggestions for instrument and rod work

2.8 Exercises

Chapter 3 Angles and Directions－Theories

3.1 Reference directions for vertical angles

3.2 Horizontal angles

3.3 Three north directions

3.4 Azimuths and bearing

3.5 Exercises

Chapter 4 Instruments for Angles and Directions Surveying

4.1 Theodolites and transits

4.2 Magnetic azimuth (bearing) surveying:magnetic compass

4.3 True azimuth(bearing)surveying

4.4 Exercises

Chapter 5 Distance Measurement

5.1 Methods for distance determination

5.2 Taping

5.3 Electromagnetic distance measurement

5.4 Summary of distance measurement methods

5.5 Exercises

Chapter 6 Traverse Surveying

6.1 An introductory to traverses

6.2 Field work in traverse surveying

6.3 Office work in traverse surveying

6.4 Exercises

Chapter 7 Error Theories

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Relevant definitions

7.3 Law of errors propagation

7.4 The method of least square and its application

7.5 Calculation of standard deviation by true errors

7.6 Several examples using the law of errors propagation

7.7 Exercises

Chapter 8 Topographic Maps

8.1 Concepts of map and topographic map

8.2 Map scales and scale precisions

8.3 Map grids

8.4 Gauss-Krtuger projection

8.5 Subdivisions and numbering of topographic maps

8.6 Map symbols

8.7 Application of topographic maps

8.8 Exercises

Chapter 9 Topographic Surveying

9.1 Background

9.2 Topographic control framework

9.3 Methods for detail surveys

9.4 Procedures of conventional topographic surveys

9.5 Digital mapping techniques

9.6 Exercises

Part 2 Modern Surveying

Chapter 10 Global Positioning Systems

10.1 Introduction

10.2 GPS configurations

10.3 Work principles of GPS

10.4 Geodetic aspects of GPS

10.5 GPS in practical surveys

10.6 Exercises

Chapter 11 Geographic Information Systems

11.1 General background of GIS

11.2 Activities and components of a GIS

11.3 Data collections of GIS

11.4 Data analysis

11.5 Practical applications of GIS

11.6 Some important concepts in GIS

11.7 Exercises

Chapter 12 Photogrammetry

12.1 An introductory background

12.2 Aerial photogrammetry

12.3 Terrestrial photography

12.4 Stereo-photography

12.5 Close-range photography

12.6 Applications of photography

12.7 Exercises

Referenced Bibliographies

Referenced Internet Resources

Appendix: Math Foundation