This book charts these opportunities and challenges through unprecedented access to the police and diverse communities in Australian regional and metropolitan contexts. It locates these developments in an international comparison with like jurisdictions in the US, UK, and Canada and in light of former conflicts in Northern Ireland and South Africa. It examines the nature and impact of counter-terrorism on policing, diverse communities, legislation and policy and on the media. The book concludes by posing questions for the future of counter-terrorism policing in liberal democracies.

Introduction

Policing and Community in the New Security Environment

Introduction

A New Security Environment

Terrorism as a Process

Responding to the Threat

Counter-Terrorism Policing

Community Policing

Counter-Terrorism and Community Policing: Challenges and Innovations

Human Rights

Counter-Terrorism Networks

Developing New Approaches to Counter-Terrorism Policing

 Community Intelligence Model

 Belonging Model

 Social Cohesion Model

International Counter-Terrorism Lessons: A Victorian Case Study

  Introduction

  Victoria Police: Towards a New Approach

Lessons to be Learned: the London Bombings

and Western Europe

  Background to UK Community Relations Before the Bombings

  The Importance of Policing

Policing Democracy: The Altered Policy and Legal Environment

  Introduction

  An Optimal Counter-Terrorism Policy Framework

  The Australian Policy Framework

  The Counter-Terrorism Legislative Regime

Prosecutions Under the Terrorism Offences in the Commonwealth

  Criminal Code

  ASIO Detention and Questioning Warrants

  Victorian Legislation

  Effectiveness of Legislative Frameworks

  Racial Profiling and Countering Terrorism

  Community Policing, Counter-Terrorism Policing and National Security

  Conclusion

  The Police

 Data and Method

  Community Policing

 The Contemporary Enactment of Community Policing

  Current Challenges for Engaging with the Community

 Resources

 Cultural Diversity

 Limited Contact and Experience with CALD Communities

 Language

 Cultural and Religious Understanding

 Trust

  Community Policing and Specialist Community Officers

  Conclusion

  Counter-Terrorism Policing

  Introduction

  Changing Police Cultures

  The New Security Environment

  The Counter-Terrorism Roles of Police Organisations

  Counter-Terrorism Training

  Impact of Counter-Terrorism Training

  Counter-Terrorism Challenges

  Counter-Terrorism and the Inter-Agency Environment

  Operating Under Counter-Terrorism Legislation

  Conclusion

Communities Respond to Counter.Terrorism Policing

We Want the Police in Our Community: We Like the Police in Our

  Community

  The Task at Hand

Some Nascent Concerns

Conclusion

7 Conclusion

  A Social Cohesion Approach to Counter-Terrorism

References

Index