聚焦全球各洲资源评估及基地开发，合作组织编制了全球及亚洲、欧洲、非洲、北美洲、中南美洲、大洋洲等各大洲清洁能源开发与投资研究系列报告。本报告是聚焦中南美洲的分报告，全面展示了中南美洲的清洁能源资源评估和大型基地选址成果。第1-3章，采用数字化方法完成了中南美洲水电、风电和光伏发电的资源评估与基地开发研究。首先分别介绍了资源评估和选址研究的方法体系、模型和数据。在水电方面，对中南美洲主要流域的水能资源开展了理论蕴藏量测算，对主要待开发的河段提出了梯级开发方案。在风电和光伏发电方面，在全面测算和分析影响集中式开发的主要影响因素基础上，开展了全洲各国家和地区风能、太阳能理论蕴藏量、技术可开发量以及开发成本的量化评估；运用数字平台，研究提出了中南美洲大型陆上风电基地、大型太阳能光伏基地的选址布局，完成了开发条件评价、开发规模评估以及技术经济指标测算。第4章，基于中南美洲能源电力供需发展趋势，统筹区域内、跨区及跨洲电力消纳市场，研究分析大型清洁能源基地送电方向和输电方式。第5章，梳理了中南美洲主要国家的能源政策及投资现状，剖析清洁能源开发项目典型投资模式，结合中南美洲水能、风能、太阳能大型基地开发方案开展案例研究，提出了加快中南美洲清洁发展的政策和投资模式建议。

PREFACE
STUDY REGION
SUMMARY
1 Hydroenergy Resources Assessment and Development
1.1 Methods and Data
1.1.1 Resource Assessment Methods
1.1.2 Macro Site Selection Method
1.1.3 Basic Data and Parameters
1.2 Resource Assessment
1.2.1 Distribution of Water Systems
1.2.2 Hydrological Data
1.2.3 Land Covers
1.2.4 Geological Conditions
1.2.5 Overview of Hydroenergy Resources
1.2.6 Assessment Results
1.3 Base Development
1.3.1 Development Status
1.3.2 Layout of Bases
1.3.3 Base at Orinoco River
1.3.4 Base at Tocantins River
1.3.5 Base at Tapajos River,a Tributary of the Amazon River
1.3.6 Base at Maranon River,a Tributary of the Amazon River
1.3.7 Base at M adeira River,a Tributary of the Am azon River
1.3.8 Base at Ucayali River
1.3.9 Base at Motagua River
2 Wind Energy Resources Assessment and Development
2.1 Methods and Data
2.1.1 Resource Assessment Methods
2.1.2 Macro Site Selection Method
2.1.3 Basic Data and Parameters
2.2 Resource Assessment
2.2.1 Distribution of Wind Speeds
2.2.2 Land Covers
2.2.3 Distribution of Conservation Areas
2.2.4 Transportation Facilities
2.2.5 Grid Facilities
2.2.6 Assessment Results
2.3 Power Bases Development
2.3.1 Development Status
2.3.2 Layout of Bases
2.3.3 Overview of Bases
2.3.4 Study on Site Selection of Bases
3 Solar Energy Resources Assessment and Development
3.1 Methods and Data
3.1.1 Resource Assessment Method
3.1.2 Macro Site Selection Method
3.1.3 Basic Data and Parameters
3.2 Resource Assessment
3.2.1 Global Horizontal Irradiance
3.2.2 Land Covers
3.2.3 Distribution of Terrains
3.2.4 Assessment Results
3.3 Power Bases Development
3.3.1 Development Status
3.3.2 Layout of Bases
3.3.3 Overview of Bases
3.3.4 Study on Site Selection of Bases
4 Outbound Transmission of Large-scale Renewable Energy Bases
4.1 Forecast of Electricity Demand
4.2 Deep Electric Energy Substitution
4.2.1 Hydrogen Production and Hydrogen Energy Utilization for Clean Electricity
4.2.2 Seawater Desalination and Ecological Restoration
4.3 Eastern South America
4.3.1 Power Delivery Direction
4.3.2 Power Transmission Mode
4.4 Southern South America
4.4.1 Power Delivery Direction
4.4.2 Power Transmission Mode
4.5 Western South America
4.5.1 Power Delivery Direction
4.5.2 Power Transmission Mode
4.6 Central America
4.6.1 Power Delivery Direction
4.6.2 Power Transmission Mode
5 Policy Environment and Investment and Financing Suggestions
5.1 Overview of Countries in Central and South America
5.2 Policy Environment for Major Countries in Central and South America
5.2.1 Brazil
5.2.2 Bolivia
5.2.3 Chile
5.2.4 Argentina
5.2.5 Paraguay
5.2.6 Uruguay
5.2.7 Venezuela
5.2.8 Colombia
5.2.9 Ecuador
5.2.10 Peru
5.2.11 Guatemala
5.2.12 El Salvador
5.2.13 Nicaragua
5.3 Investment and Financing Proposal
5.3.1 Forming a Diversified Investment and Financing System
5.3.2 Accelerating the Construction of Regional Power Market
5.3.3 Reducing Fossil Energy Subsidies
5.3.4 Improving the Business Environment
5.3.5 Strengthening Inflation Risk Management
5.3.6 Reducing the Cost of Funding
5.4 Summary
EPILOGUE